These two systems that the brain uses to process information are the focus of Nobelist Daniel Kahneman's new book, Thinking, Fast and Slow (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, LLC., 2011). That automatic mode of thinking, not under voluntary control, contrasts with the need to slow down and deliberately fiddle with pencil and paper when working through an algebra problem. The lazy mind: how laziness can lead to errors and affect our intelligence.To survive physically or psychologically, we sometimes need to react automatically to a speeding taxi as we step off the curb or to the subtle facial cues of an angry boss. If you maintain this focused attention, you might spot her within a matter of minutes, whereas if you’re distracted and lose focus, you’ll have trouble finding her.Īs we'll see in the following blinks, the relationship between these two systems determines how we behave. This focus helps eliminate potential distractions, and you barely notice other people in the crowd. Your mind deliberately focuses on the task: it recalls characteristics of the person and anything that would help locate her. It deals with conscious activities of the mind such as self-control, choices and more deliberate focus of attention.įor instance, imagine you’re looking for a woman in a crowd. System 2 is what we think of when we visualize the part of the brain responsible for our individual decision-making, reasoning and beliefs.
This system is a legacy of our evolutionary past: there are inherent survival advantages in being able to make such rapid actions and judgments. What do you do? You probably immediately and automatically shift your attention toward the sound. You can experience this system at work when you hear a very loud and unexpected sound. System 1 is the part of our brain that operates intuitively and suddenly, often without our conscious control. As they play off against each other, their interactions determine how we think, make judgments and decisions, and act. These two characters are the impulsive, automatic, intuitive System 1, and the thoughtful, deliberate, calculating System 2. There is a compelling drama going on in our minds, a filmlike plot between two main characters with twists, dramas and tensions.
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